When you have data in one place, and you want to collect a certain piece of that information and return it somewhere else based on a given value, you probably want a lookup.
Depending on the situation there are options about how to do that. The VLOOKUP (the V stands for Vertical) formula used to be the holy grail of excel formulas, if you had mastered that you truly knew what you were doing.
But, it some situations using INDEX and MATCH together makes more sense.
And, now there is XLOOKUP which has more flexibility and more options.
HLOOKUP was been around for over 10 years, and is the horizontal version of VLOOKUP.
If you have used VLOOKUP or HLOOKUP before, it is definitely worth exploring XLOOKUP the next time you want to use a lookup formula. If you are an INDEX MATCH fan, then give XLOOKUP a go. The increased flexibility it offers is fantastic.